⚡ Electronics & Circuits
Free and open-source tools to draw schematics, design circuit boards, simulate circuits and logic gates and look at real signals. Arduino IDE, PlatformIO and ESPHome are in the Programming & Development section. See also my notes Computing with Switches and From Source Code to Silicon.
Open in the interactive Digital Resources
KiCad
kicad.orgA complete electronics design suite: schematic, PCB layout, 3D view and files for the board manufacturer. Used by hobbyists and professionals alike.
Fritzing
fritzing.orgDraw a circuit as it looks on a breadboard, then turn it into a schematic and a simple PCB. Great for Arduino projects and documentation. The download asks for a small contribution, the source code is open.
ngspice
ngspice.sourceforge.ioThe open-source SPICE circuit simulator. Calculates voltages and currents in analog and mixed circuits; built into KiCad.
LTspice
analog.comA fast and widely used SPICE simulator from Analog Devices with a large library of parts. Free, but not open source.
Falstad Circuit Simulator
falstad.comRuns in the browser and shows the current flowing through the circuit as moving dots. The best way I know to get a feeling for how a circuit works.
Wokwi
wokwi.comAn online simulator for Arduino, ESP32 and Raspberry Pi Pico with sensors, displays and LEDs – test the code before you have the hardware. Free plan for personal projects.
Logisim-evolution
github.comBuild digital circuits from gates, flip-flops and memory, and watch them work. Popular in schools for learning how a CPU is built.
Digital
github.comA logic circuit simulator similar to Logisim, with tests for circuits and export to Verilog and VHDL for real FPGA chips.
PulseView (sigrok)
sigrok.orgSoftware for cheap USB logic analyzers and oscilloscopes. Shows and decodes signals such as UART, I²C and SPI – very useful when two devices do not talk to each other.